Date First Published: 23rd October 2023
Topic: Computer Systems
Subtopic: Computer Hardware
Article Type: Computer Terms & Definitions
Difficulty: MediumDifficulty Level: 4/10
Learn about what CCTV is in this article.
Stands for Closed Circuit Television. CCTV is a system that consists of video cameras, recorders, and displays for monitoring an area that needs constant observation and where there is no one to watch all the time, usually for security reasons. CCTV broadcasts or signals are sent to the monitor or recording device using a wired or wireless connection. Advanced CCTV cameras have night vision capabilities to record low-light images.
Since the cameras communicate with monitors across private cable runs and wireless communication links, they are 'closed-circuit' as access to their content is limited to only a closed group and not publicly distributed.
Images and videos are captured through the lens, which are sent to a display screen. The video signals are transmitted to a specific place on a limited set of monitors. In order to scan the data and automatically alert users or other systems and devices, recorders can use analytical software and other advanced technologies. This video management software (VMS) is used to record, archive, and analyse video streams. In order to learn on its own, the software usually uses machine learning (ML) algorithms that make use of elements like motion detection, facial recognition, people counting, etc.
CCTV is often used in banks, shops, airports, railway stations, government offices and buildings, and traffic monitoring to prevent theft and crime. CCTV can provide evidence in case of any crime, theft, or robbery.
CCTV cameras are often used in schools and colleges to ensure that students remain safe. CCTV cameras are most commonly found outside buildings and in hallways to protect students from any threats, bullying, and improve health and safety measures. In case of any threats, CCTV can provide evidence. However, CCTV cameras in classrooms are not as common because it is expensive to purchase them for every classroom and there are some controversial views over this as some students feel like installing cameras in classrooms is a violation of their privacy and don't like to feel like they are being monitored all the time.
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