Date First Published: 21st August 2023
Topic: Computer Systems
Subtopic: Legislation & User Data Protection
Article Type: Computer Terms & Definitions
Difficulty: MediumDifficulty Level: 4/10
Learn about what the Data Protection Act is in this article.
The Data Protection Act (DPA) is a piece of legislation introduced in 1998 about how businesses and organisations handle and use personal data. The Data Protection Act covers digital data stored on computers, paper, and audio data. The main goal of this legislation was to protect the privacy of individuals by ensuring that their personal data is stored safely, securely, and ethically.
Breaches of the Data Protection Act can lead to fines. The Information Commissioners Office (ICO) is a regulatory body responsible for investigating possible data protection breaches. If it is found a business or organisation has breached the data protection act, it can be fined up to £500,000.
For more sensitive data, like race, ethnic background, political opinions, religious beliefs, trade union membership, genetics, biometrics (where used for identification), health or medical information, sex life, and sexual orientation, there is stronger legal protection.
Each business or organisation responsible for using personal data must follow the data protection principles. The eight principles of the Data Protection Act are:
Under the Data Protection Act, people have the right to:
To comply with the Data Protection Act, organisations should:
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